This is a point of concern that needs to be addressed by further studies. No consensus for the definition was found among authors. Four studies used the number of episodes: ≥2 episodes 15 minutes apart, >3 episodes in 12 hours, and >3 episodes within 24 hours. Three studies defined persistent vomiting in the units of days or weeks. Another 2 studies defined it as vomiting of all foods and fluid in 24 hours. Of 2362 abstracts reviewed, 15 studies were selected based on the inclusion criteria. Consensus on the definition was considered to be reached if at least 50% of studies described the same definition using the Delphi consensus technique. Therefore, we aimed to systematically review a definition of persistent vomiting in the medical literature.Ī systematic search was done through PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, Scopus, VHL, WHO-GHL, Grey Literature Report, POPLINE, and SIGLE for the last 10 years. However, it has been poorly defined in the medical literature. ![]() Some viruses once acquired never leave the body. There are some viruses that can maintain a persistent infection by infecting different cells of the body. It is commonly used interchangeably with chronic, recurrent, or intractable vomiting and widely used as a warning sign of severe illness in dengue infection. Persistent infections are characterized by the continual presence of the infectious organism, often as latent infection with occasional recurrent relapses of active infection. Persistent vomiting is mentioned as a symptom of a large variety of systemic disorders. 1 Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University Dirghayu Guru Hospital and Research Center, Chabahil, Kathmandu, Nepal Al-Essra Hospital, Amman, Jordan Pham Ngoc Thach University of Medicine Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo Faculty of Medicine, King Edward Medical University, Lahore, Pakistan Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta University of Medicine and Pharmacy, District 5 University of California, Los Angeles, California Department of Health Ministry, Kafr El-Zayat, Gharbeya, Egypt Faculty of Medicine, University of Mentouri Constantine, Constantine, Algeria Evidence Based Medicine Research Group & Faculty of Applied Sciences, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam Department of Clinical Product Development Department of Immunogenetics, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Leading Graduate School Program, and Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan.
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